nelson mandela
Publié le 23/05/2020
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Pauline MICHEL 2nd9
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was born in the former Bantustan, South Africa.
His father was one of
the leaders of the Xhosa ethnic group.
After graduating from the Witwatersrand University in
Johannesburg in 1942 with a law degree, he entered the ANC (African National Congress) which
was then a moderate political party of the black bourgeoisie.
Together with Oliver Tambo, Nelson Mandela founded the first black law firm in South Africa and
in March 1944 founded the Youth League of the ANC (Youth League).
By the time apartheid was
"officialized" by South African Prime Minister Daniel Malan in 1948, Nelson Mandela and Olivier
Tambo were able to lead the ANC with the Youth League.
After several years of fighting apartheid, arrests and trials, Nelson Mandela was sentenced in 1964
with seven of his companions to life imprisonment for sabotage, treason and conspiracy.
Throughout his captivity, he refused to be released against the public renunciation of the
anti-apartheid struggle.
In 1986, meetings were held with the authorities who placed him under
house arrest from 1988 onwards.
Nelson Mandela was finally released on 11 February 1990 after spending 27 and a half years in
prison.
The South African government legalized the Communist Party and the ANC, of which
Mandela became president in 1991.
In 1993, with President De Klerk, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
The first pluralist and
multiracial elections were held in 1994.
The ANC wins a very large victory.
In the same year,
Nelson Mandela was invested President of South Africa, a post he held until 1999 to make way for
Thabo Mbeki.
Nelson Mandela founded the Nelson Mandela Foundation in 1999 and dedicated himself to the fight
against AIDS after the death of his son in 2005..
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