exposé anglais stem cells

« Hello everyone, today I'm going to introduce you to the role of stem cells in research and medicine.

We'll start by explaining what stem cells are and how they can be used for innovation.

Finally, we'll look at an example of ethical responsibilities. I Stem cells First of all, the cell is the basic unit of life that makes up every organism, whether animal or plant.

There are a multitude of cells, including stem cells.

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of generating specialised cells by differentiation and of maintaining the development and integrity of organisms throughout life by means of cell division, mitosis .Mitosis is a four-step process during which a mother cell is separated into two "daughter" cells.

The daughter cells are genetically identical except for mutations, mutations being small-scale genetic accidents, and are clones resulting from asexual reproduction, unlike embryos resulting from sexual reproduction II Innovations In medicine, stem cells have been the subject of a great many research studies since the 1990s.

This is regenerative medicine, which consists of repairing a lesion or damaged organ by replacing the damaged parts with new cellular tissue created for this particular use.

It is used to treat a number of pathological conditions, including degenerative diseases, trauma and congenital malformations.

For almost twenty years, regenerative medicine has offered considerable hope, because the ageing of the body's cells is unstoppable. In 2014, for example, a patient with a serious heart problem received a heart cell transplant from stem cells. There are different types of regenerative medicine, including cell therapy.

The goal of cell therapy is to treat an organ or organism by injecting cells, most often from stem cells, to replace or substitute defective cells..... »