CASSIRER, ERNST
Publié le 02/12/2021
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CASSIRER, ERNST (1874–1945), philosopher; with Heinrich Rickert,* Germany'sleading neo-Kantian between 1900 and 1930. Born in Breslau ofGerman-Jewish parentage, he studied philosophy and German literature, cominginto contact with Hermann Cohen (1842–1918) while at Berlin*; in 1896 hetransferred to Marburg to continue studies with Cohen. On his own, Cassireridentified both his method and his philosophy as an example of Cohen's MarburgSchool of neo-Kantianism (the Baden School, embracing Freiburg, Strassburg,and Heidelberg, was distinct from the Marburg School). In 1899 he tooka doctorate with a thesis on Leibniz's theory of knowledge. His appointment asPrivatdozent at Berlin was owed largely to Wilhelm Dilthey, who appreciatedhis genius. Despite barriers in Germany owing to his Jewish heritage, Cassirerrejected a 1914 offer to teach at Harvard.In 1919 Cassirer joined Hamburg's new university. While he was evolvinghis concept of symbolic forms, he earned a reputation as a brilliant teacher. Hislife, marked by broad intellectual interests, was an exemplar of the Germantradition of Bildung. In 1930 he was promoted to university rector. It was hisgood fortune to form rich friendships at Hamburg with Erwin Panofsky* andAby Warburg,* and he later assisted with the transfer of Warburg's library toLondon.When Hitler* came to power in 1933, Cassirer resigned his positions andtaught successively at Oxford (1933–1935), Go¨teborg (1935–1941), Yale (1941–1944), and Columbia (1944–1945). Always a neo-Kantian, he was broadly attractedto the formation and interrelationship of scientific and cultural concepts.His publications included Philosophie der Symbolischen Formen (Philosophy ofsymbolic forms, 1923) and Sprache und Mythos (Languages and myth, 1925).